One of the most common questions students ask when planning for a Master’s degree abroad is, “Which country is the best?” However, this question doesn’t have a simple answer because the “best” country for your higher education depends on many factors. It’s not just about the country itself but also the university you choose, your career goals, and your personal preferences. Let’s break down why.
1. It’s Not Just the Country, It’s the University
Many students focus heavily on choosing the right country, but the university you attend can have a bigger impact on your experience, education quality, and job prospects. For example, studying at a top-tier university in a country that may not be as popular for Indian students can often provide better opportunities than attending a lower-ranked university in a well-known country.
Example: Let’s say you’re interested in computer science and you’re considering two options—one is the University of Edinburgh in the UK (ranked among the top 20 for CS globally), and the other is a lesser-known university in Australia. While Australia may be attractive due to its immigration policies, your degree from a highly regarded university like Edinburgh will likely carry more weight globally in terms of job placements, research opportunities, and reputation.
2. Comparing Apples and Oranges: Rankings Matter
When making decisions, many students and parents think about the overall perception of a country—such as the US or Canada—but it’s equally important to think about where the university itself stands. The reputation and resources of a university will often determine the quality of education, research exposure, and connections you can build.
Example: Imagine choosing between Stanford University in the US and a university ranked lower in Canada. Although Canada may be preferred for its friendly visa policies, Stanford’s resources, faculty, and global reputation may offer a much higher return on investment in terms of job opportunities and alumni networks. So, comparing Stanford with an average university in Canada is like comparing apples and oranges.
3. Career Goals: Think Beyond Borders
Different countries may offer different advantages depending on your career aspirations. If your focus is on research, certain universities in countries like Germany or the Netherlands may provide excellent facilities and a strong research culture. On the other hand, if you’re looking to gain work experience after your studies, countries like the US, Canada, and Australia might be more appealing due to their post-study work options.
Example: A student looking to get into renewable energy engineering may find that universities in countries like Germany (e.g., RWTH Aachen University) provide top-notch research facilities, even though the US might be considered a more popular destination overall. For that student, Germany could be the better fit, even if the US offers more jobs in other sectors like tech.
4. Cost and Funding Opportunities
Another key factor that students should consider is the cost of living and availability of scholarships or assistantships. While countries like the US and the UK might be more expensive, they may also offer more generous financial aid packages, research assistantships, and part-time job opportunities.
Example: A student might have the choice between a fully funded program at a top university in the US like MIT or a self-funded program at a mid-tier university in another country like New Zealand. The opportunity to receive funding from a top university can significantly reduce the financial burden and give you access to the best resources and research.
5. Personal Preferences Matter Too
Sometimes, the right country comes down to where you feel most comfortable living for the next two or more years. Cultural fit, language, and lifestyle are critical. Some students thrive in a fast-paced environment like the US or the UK, while others may prefer the work-life balance of Scandinavian countries or the multiculturalism of Canada.
Example: For a student who values diversity and work-life balance, studying at a university in the Netherlands may feel more comfortable than studying in the US, even if the latter has more well-known institutions.
Conclusion: There’s No “One-Size-Fits-All” Answer
In the end, the question of “Which country is the best for a Master’s?” doesn’t have a universal answer. It depends on your academic field, career goals, finances, and personal preferences. Rather than focusing solely on the country, focus on finding the right university and program that aligns with your ambitions. Whether it’s the US, UK, Germany, or even a lesser-known destination, the key is finding a balance between university reputation, country benefits, and your personal needs.
Remember, your success isn’t defined by where you go, but by what you make of the opportunities available to you. So, focus on finding the right fit for you, not just the best country.
The Graduate Record Examination (GRE) is a standardized test commonly required for admission to many graduate programs in the United States and other countries. However, in recent years, an increasing number of universities have made the GRE optional for applicants. This change has left many prospective graduate students wondering whether they should still submit their GRE scores, even when it’s not required. In this article, we’ll explore the factors to consider when deciding whether to submit a GRE score when it’s optional.
Understanding Test Optional
When universities adopt a test-optional policy, they commit to not evaluating applicants who haven’t submitted test scores negatively. In other words, your application won’t be disadvantaged if you choose not to provide test scores. However, if you believe that strong test scores could enhance your application, you have the option to include them.
For instance, impressive GRE scores might be beneficial if you have a lower GPA. This is because, in conjunction with other application components, robust GRE scores can suggest that your academic potential exceeds what your GPA reflects. If you find yourself in this situation, consider addressing it in your personal statement.
In essence, test-optional policies aim to provide flexibility for applicants with diverse academic backgrounds. They allow those with weaker profiles to improve their application by adding scores if they believe it will strengthen their candidacy.
Limitations of Exceptional Scores
It’s important to note that while outstanding GRE scores can help offset a slightly lower GPA, they may not compensate for very low GPAs. In such cases, you should explore other strategies to enhance your application.
Should You Take the Test?
Now that you understand the concept of test-optional admissions, how should you decide whether to take the GRE when most of your target universities don’t require it?
1. Assess Your Academic Profile
Start by assessing your academic strengths and weaknesses. Consider your undergraduate GPA, letters of recommendation, and other application materials. If these components are strong and demonstrate your suitability for the program, submitting a GRE score may not be necessary. However, if your academic record has weaknesses, a strong GRE score can bolster your application.
2. Evaluate Costs and Effort
Preparing for and taking the GRE can be time-consuming and expensive. Additionally, sending GRE scores to multiple universities can add to the cost. Reflect on the effort required to achieve a competitive GRE score and whether that time and money might be better spent strengthening other aspects of your application, such as your statement of purpose and letters of recommendation.
3. Consider Program Competitiveness
The competitiveness of the program you’re applying to can also influence your decision. In highly competitive programs with a large applicant pool, a strong GRE score can give you a competitive advantage. Conversely, in less competitive programs where other aspects of your application carry more weight, you may opt not to submit a GRE score.
If you’ve Already Taken the GRE, Should you submit the score?
If you’ve already taken the GRE and have a score in hand, whether to send it to universities depends on the score itself. For top-ranking universities especially in engineering, we recommend sending scores only if they are above 320, with a quantitative section score of 165 or higher. For mid-ranked or lower-ranked universities, a score in the range of 310-320 is generally acceptable.
It’s worth noting that the absence of a GRE score is not viewed negatively in test-optional universities. However, submitting a moderate or low GRE score may not work in your favor. Reviewers have become accustomed to seeing strong performances when scores are provided, and weaker scores may raise questions about your judgment.
In conclusion, the decision to submit a GRE score when it’s optional should be based on a careful evaluation of your academic profile, program competitiveness, and the potential costs and benefits. Remember that each applicant’s situation is unique, and your goal is to present the strongest possible application that aligns with your academic and career aspirations.
As an Indian student aspiring to pursue a Master’s degree in the United States, one of the crucial decisions you’ll face is choosing between private and public colleges. This decision can significantly impact your academic journey and financial planning. In this article, we’ll explore the differences between private and public colleges from an Indian perspective, considering factors like costs, scholarships, tuition waivers, and more.
Costs and Tuition Fees
One of the most significant differentiators between private and public colleges in the US is the cost. Private colleges are often associated with higher tuition fees compared to their public counterparts. As an Indian student, this is an important consideration, given the varying exchange rates and the overall cost of living in the US.
Private Colleges: These institutions tend to have higher tuition fees, which can range from $50,000 to $100,000 for the program.
Public Colleges: Public universities, on the other hand, generally have lower tuition fees for both in-state and out-of-state students. As an international student, you will typically pay higher out-of-state tuition rates, but these can still be more affordable than private college tuition.
Scholarships and Financial Aid
Financing your Master’s degree is a significant concern for most Indian students. Both private and public colleges in the US offer scholarships and financial aid, but the availability and criteria may vary. However, it’s worth noting that the number of scholarships awarded to international students, including those from India, has become increasingly competitive, especially in popular majors like engineering and business.
Tuition Waivers and Assistantships
If affordability is a top priority, consider tuition waivers and graduate assistantships, which are more commonly offered by public universities.
Private Colleges: Private colleges typically have fewer tuition waivers and assistantship opportunities, which may be reserved for doctoral students. Even if you manage to land a graduate assistantship, most of them don’t offer a full tuition waiver; instead, they provide a monthly stipend for work.
Public Colleges: Public universities often offer tuition waivers or reduced tuition rates for graduate assistants. If you secure a teaching, research, or any other graduate assistantship, your tuition will be reduced to in-state tuition rates at public universities, in addition to receiving a stipend per month. In-state tuition rates are generally significantly lower than out-of-state rates, which international students typically have to pay.
Campus Facilities and Resources
Another critical aspect to consider is the quality of campus facilities and academic resources.
Private Colleges: Private institutions tend to have smaller class sizes, which can lead to more personalized attention from professors. They may also boast state-of-the-art facilities and resources.
Public Colleges: Public universities often have larger campuses with a wide range of resources, including extensive libraries and research opportunities. While class sizes can vary, they are generally larger than those at private colleges.
Admission Process
The admission process for Master’s programs is generally similar across private and public colleges. However, there may be differences in admission criteria and requirements, so it’s essential to research each institution’s specific guidelines.
Private Colleges: Private colleges may have specific admission criteria and a more competitive applicant pool due to their smaller class sizes. However, the competition may be slightly less intense compared to public universities because of their higher tuition fees.
Public Colleges: Public universities may have broader admission criteria and accept a higher number of students. However, the competition can still be fierce, especially for popular programs.
Cultural and Social Aspects
Consider the cultural and social aspects of your choice, as they can significantly impact your overall experience.
Private Colleges: Private colleges often offer a close-knit community and a unique campus culture. You’ll have the opportunity to connect with a diverse group of students. Many private colleges also boast a robust alumni network.
Public Colleges: Public universities are known for their diversity and vibrant campus life. You’ll likely encounter students from various backgrounds, enhancing your cultural experience.
In conclusion, choosing between private and public colleges for your Master’s degree in the US is a decision that should align with your academic and financial goals. Evaluate your priorities, including costs, scholarships, campus facilities, and cultural aspects, to make an informed choice that suits your needs.
Remember that both private and public colleges in the US offer high-quality education, and your experience will ultimately be shaped by your dedication and engagement in your chosen program. Make use of available resources, seek advice from current students, and carefully research your options to make the best decision for your academic future. Good luck with your application!
Are you considering applying for a doctorate program but feeling by the application process? Fear not! In this article, we will guide you through the essential steps to kickstart PhD application journey. From where to start to how to do it we’ve got you covered.
Where to Start
1. Research Your Field of Interest
The first step in a strong PhD application is to carefully research your chosen field of interest. Understand the current trends, cutting-edge research, and key contributors in your field. This knowledge will not only showcase your passion but also help you identify potential supervisors and research gaps that align with your interests.
2. Identify the Right Institution and Program
Once you’ve identified your field of interest, it’s time to find the right institution and program that matches your aspirations. Consider factors such as reputation, faculty expertise, available resources, and funding opportunities. Seek programs that align with your research interests and have a supportive and collaborative academic environment.
3. Reach Out to Potential Supervisors
Connecting with potential supervisors is an essential part of the PhD application process. After identifying researchers whose work aligns with your interests, reach out to them via email or arrange a meeting to discuss your research ideas and seek their guidance. Building a rapport with potential supervisors can significantly strengthen your application as it demonstrates your preparation and commitment.
4. Prepare a Stellar Research Proposal
A well-crafted research proposal is crucial for a successful PhD application. The proposal should outline your research objectives, methodology, and how your work contributes to the existing corpus of knowledge. Clearly communicate your research questions, hypotheses, and the expected outcomes. Be sure to highlight the significance and feasibility of your project within the given timeframe.
The Process
1. Compile a Strong Application Package
Your application package should include all the necessary documents that reflect your academic and research potential. Here’s a checklist of essential components:
Curriculum Vitae (CV): Provide a comprehensive and well-structured CV highlighting your academic achievements, research experience, publications, and relevant skills.
Statement of Purpose: Craft a compelling statement of purpose that articulates your motivation, research interests, and career goals. Show how the PhD program aligns with your aspirations and how it can impact your field of study.
Letters of Recommendation: Request letters of recommendation from professors, researchers, or professionals who can attest to your academic abilities, research potential, and personal qualities.
Transcripts: Submit official transcripts of your academic records to provide evidence of your educational background and performance.
2. Polish Your Writing Sample
Many PhD programs may require a writing sample to evaluate your writing skills and critical thinking abilities. Select a sample that showcases your expertise in your field of interest and demonstrates your ability to conduct research and provide innovative insights. Ensure your writing sample is clear, concise, and well-structured, adhering to academic conventions and style guidelines.
3. Prepare for Standardized Tests
Some institutions may require standardized test scores, such as the GRE or TOEFL, to assess your aptitude for graduate studies. Familiarize yourself with the test format, practice sample questions, and consider enrolling in test preparation courses if necessary. Aim to achieve scores that are competitive and align with the program’s requirements.
4. Seek Funding Opportunities
Researching and securing funding is crucial, especially if you aim to pursue a PhD. Explore scholarships, grants, and fellowships offered by your chosen institution, government agencies, or external organizations. Submitting a well-crafted funding proposal can significantly increase your chances of receiving financial support throughout your doctoral journey.
Conclusion
Embarking on a PhD journey is both exciting and challenging, but with careful planning and preparation, you can increase the likelihood of a successful application. Remember to thoroughly research your field of interest, connect with potential supervisors, and craft a strong application package. By following these PhD application tips, you are one step closer to joining the esteemed community of researchers and making a significant contribution to your chosen field. Good luck!
The GRE (Graduate Record Examination) is the most widely accepted standardized test for graduate school admissions in the United States. Recently, the Educational Testing Service (ETS) introduced a significant overhaul to the GRE format. The new, shorter GRE has caused quite a stir, as it brings along a revised structure and scoring system. This transformation aims to make the GRE more time-efficient, with the test’s duration reduced to less than half of its current length. In this article, we will delve into when this change will come into effect, the specific modifications to the GRE, and how these alterations might impact prospective test-takers.
When is the shorter GRE scheduled?
As of September 22, 2023, ETS will implement the new, shorter GRE for all test-takers. After this date, the 4-hour version of the GRE will no longer be available. Registration for the shorter GRE is currently open for test dates beginning September 22, 2023.
What stays same on the shorter GRE?
Despite the reduction in the number of questions, the content and concepts tested in the GRE remain unchanged. Your quantitative and verbal reasoning skills will still be evaluated, and the Analytical Writing section remains unaffected. Crucially, the GRE score scale remains unaltered, ensuring consistent score interpretation for both versions of the test.
What is different on the shorter GRE?
GRE TEST LENGTH
The most notable change to the GRE in 2023 is its shortened duration. The current GRE lasts 3 hours and 45 minutes, while the shorter GRE, launching in September, will be completed in just 1 hour and 58 minutes.
GRE STRUCTURE CHANGES
To achieve this shorter duration, ETS has made the following structural modifications:
Removal of the argument essay.
Removal of the experimental (unscored) section.
Elimination of the 10-minute break.
Reduction in the number of questions in both Quantitative and Verbal Reasoning sections, from 40 to 27 each.
Here’s what to expect for tests starting September 22, 2023.
Mastering the New GRE: Preparation Tips
ETS has announced plans to release 2-hour practice tests in September. In the interim, test preparation providers are developing their own 2-hour practice tests. Your existing GRE preparation strategy remains valuable, as the question types, test format, and content remain consistent between the current and shorter GRE versions.
In conclusion, the impending introduction of the shorter GRE marks a transformative moment in standardized testing. While the GRE becomes significantly shorter, its core principles and objectives remain unaltered. The decision of which version to take should align with your readiness, test-taking tendencies, and application deadlines. Regardless of your choice, thorough preparation remains essential for success in this evolving assessment.
Getting into a top MBA program is highly competitive, but there are several steps you can take to improve your chances:
Prepare Early:
Start preparing for the MBA application process well in advance, ideally a year or more before you plan to apply. This gives you time to strengthen your profile.
Academic Excellence:
Maintain a strong academic record, both in your undergraduate studies and any post-graduate coursework. High GMAT or GRE scores can also help.
Work Experience:
Gain relevant and meaningful work experience before applying. Aim for 3-5 years of experience, ideally with some leadership roles or achievements.
Leadership and Extracurricular Activities:
Actively seek leadership opportunities in your workplace, and participate in extracurricular activities or volunteer work that aligns with your interests and showcases your leadership skills.
Recommendations:
Cultivate relationships with mentors and supervisors who can write strong, detailed letters of recommendation.
Networking:
Attend MBA fairs, information sessions, and networking events hosted by the programs you’re interested in. Building connections with admissions representatives and alumni can be beneficial.
Clear Career Goals:
Be clear about your post-MBA career goals and how the specific program will help you achieve them. Admissions committees want to see that you’ve thought through your plans.
Essays and Interviews:
Craft compelling application essays that convey your unique story, experiences, and reasons for pursuing an MBA. Practice for interviews to ensure you can articulate your goals and fit with the program.
Diversity and Unique Experiences:
Highlight any unique experiences, perspectives, or backgrounds that can contribute to the diversity of the MBA class.
GMAT/GRE Preparation:
Prepare thoroughly for the GMAT or GRE exams. Consider taking prep courses or using study materials to maximize your scores.
Visit Campuses:
If possible, visit the campuses of your target MBA programs to get a sense of the culture, environment, and community. Mention these visits in your essays to demonstrate your genuine interest.
Apply to a Range of Programs:
While it’s good to aim for top-tier programs, it’s also wise to apply to a mix of schools, including some that may be a bit less competitive but still align with your goals.
Get Feedback:
Seek feedback on your application materials from mentors, peers, or professional consultants. Constructive criticism can help you improve your application.
Interview Preparation:
Prepare thoroughly for interviews. Practice answering common MBA interview questions and be ready to discuss your experiences, goals, and why you want to attend that particular program.
Stay Persistent and Adaptable:
Don’t get discouraged by rejection. Many successful applicants apply to multiple schools before gaining admission. If you’re not accepted, seek feedback and consider reapplying in the future.
Remember that each MBA program has its own unique culture and criteria for admission, so tailor your application to each school. Ultimately, a well-rounded and authentic application that showcases your achievements, potential, and passion for business and leadership can significantly improve your chances of getting into a top MBA program.
Top MBA programs typically have competitive admission processes and look for candidates who demonstrate a combination of academic excellence, professional experience, leadership potential, and a strong fit with their program’s culture and values. Here are some key factors that top MBA programs often consider when evaluating candidates:
Academic Credentials:
A strong undergraduate academic record, including GPA and the reputation of the institution attended.
Work Experience:
Most top MBA programs prefer candidates with several years of post-graduate work experience (usually around 3-5 years), although some programs may admit candidates with less experience.
The quality and relevance of your work experience are important. Demonstrated career progression, leadership roles, and accomplishments can set you apart.
GMAT/GRE Scores:
High GMAT or GRE scores are often required or strongly recommended. These standardized tests assess your quantitative, verbal, and analytical abilities.
Recommendations:
Strong letters of recommendation from supervisors, colleagues, or others who can speak to your abilities, character, and potential.
Essays and Interviews:
Your application essays and interviews are opportunities to showcase your personality, goals, and fit with the program. Be authentic and compelling in your storytelling.
Leadership and Extracurricular Activities:
Involvement in leadership roles, both professionally and in extracurricular activities, can demonstrate your leadership potential and ability to contribute to the MBA community.
Diversity and Background:
MBA programs value diversity in their student body, so factors such as your background, nationality, ethnicity, and unique experiences can be assets.
Career Goals:
Clear and realistic career goals that align with the program’s strengths and resources can make your application more compelling.
Interpersonal Skills:
Your ability to work collaboratively and effectively in teams is highly regarded, as teamwork is a critical part of MBA education.
Fit with the Program:
Demonstrating that you have thoroughly researched the program and can articulate why you believe it’s a good fit for your goals is crucial.
Networking and Interactions:
Attending MBA fairs, info sessions, and networking events can help you establish connections with the admissions committee and current students, which can be beneficial during the application process.
International Experience:
Some MBA programs place a premium on international experience, especially if they have a global focus.
Character and Ethics:
Demonstrating strong ethical principles and integrity in your application and interviews is essential.
Keep in mind that the specific criteria and weight given to each factor can vary from one MBA program to another. It’s essential to thoroughly research the programs you are interested in and tailor your application accordingly. Additionally, a strong application often reflects a coherent and well-thought-out narrative that ties together your past experiences, present goals, and future aspirations.
The United Kingdom has always been and will continue to be the pinnacle of opportunities. It is constantly evolving as an expanding economy to accommodate its immigrant population. The country has a long history and is rich in culture, making it an appealing option for graduates worldwide.
University career centres and companies hiring have made finding job prospects in the UK after MS simple. Among the many job opportunities available in the country, postgraduates in Science are more likely to be placed faster.
After a Master’s degree, there are several career opportunities in the UK for competent employees, particularly in Science. With sufficient preparation, a pandora’s box of opportunities can open up for any candidate and give them a head start.
Job seekers with a sound plan and a good resume are at the advantage of making quick and spontaneous selections. Here are a few vital aspects to consider when looking for a job in the UK after completing a Master’s degree.
1. Take the Graduate Route:
International students on Tier 4 visas have a two-year extension to hunt for work following graduation. Applicants can stay in the UK without a sponsor for their employment search.
2. Graduate Schemes
Graduate scheme refers to a structured training program that many UK employers run for people with a degree. When you become a graduate trainee under this scheme, you will get practical and hands-on experience of working in a company and get a chance to understand how the organisation works. Not only do you learn new skills, but you also get good salaries if your employers are generous! Some top salaries range from at least £38,000 to £50,000.
An employer runs these schemes to grow their future work force for the organisation. These programmes can last between 1 to 2 years or might even be longer. These schemes are available in various specializations like finance, HR, marketing, transport, IT, retail, law and management.
3. University Placement Prospect:
Consistently performing candidates who strive to stay on top of their game while completing their Master’s program is likely to land better jobs. University placements are one of the simplest ways to join the job market. Some of the most top-notch colleges in the United Kingdom, such as the University of Oxford, University of Cambridge, Imperial College London, and King’s College London, have a well-established placement cell to assist their graduates in getting placed at top firms.
4. Register with a Staffing Agency:
Numerous recruitment companies on the market provide end-to-end solutions for international job applications. Candidates must carefully select a reputable and well-known brand, such as Adecco, Impellam, Hays, Reed, and others, and collaborate with them to organise their applications. Candidates can locate a suitable job that fits their profile after registering with an agency with a solid track record.
5. Direct Application to Companies:
UK recruiters value applicants who have proved their skill set and matched their qualifications to their firm’s profile. Companies often shortlist qualified individuals and contact eligible students for recruitment without a formal route or agency.
6. Career Fairs and Events:
University Career Centres might be one of the first to places start looking for work. Some of the best colleges in the UK host webinars, career fairs, and other events to help graduates connect with businesses and explore job opportunities. It gives students a good notion of the employment market and the most in-demand talents for their preferred profession.
7. Use social media to connect with potential employers:
The present social media landscape provides numerous advantages for people wishing to build a professional network after completing an MS program in the UK. Students may be able to communicate and create relationships with valuable connections in the UK by promoting their skill sets and leveraging favourable recommendations on networking sites such as LinkedIn and Twitter.
Essential Considerations for a Job in the United Kingdom:
1. Cultural Understanding
When preparing to relocate to a foreign country, you should consider studying the country’s culture and heritage. This protects you from unpleasant conversations or the regrettable situation of insulting their customs. It also helps you appreciate your new work environment and make adjusting easier. After all, immigrant employees must respect and contribute to the ecosystem of their host country.
2. Convenient Documentation
Having all your paperwork and qualifications in order also provides a seamless job search process in which you avoid going back and forth while making a decision. A well-written résumé usually helps. Provide accurate, up-to-date information about yourself, and keep it ready on the cloud or in your email.
3. Technology is a boon: Take advantage!
Interviews and meetings are frequently conducted online, and being able to present yourself professionally virtually is a huge advantage. Keep up to date on any new software that may be useful in your profession, and be well-versed in the latest communication platforms such as Zoom, Skype, or Google Meet.
4. Salary expectations after a Master’s in the UK
The scope of salary after doing a masters in the UK for a fresher is very enticing. It can range from 35,000 pounds to 50,000 pounds depending on the specialisations chosen. This range of salary can be considered as high, but there are various other factors that determine your salary, these can include years of experience, what you majored in, where you have worked prior to this job etc.
5. Complete your homework
Organisations in countries such as the United Kingdom value proactive candidates who have done their homework about the company’s operations and history. It would help if you researched the companies of your choice before applying to fill positions with them. As a result, you can craft cover letters specific to your target organisations. This will undoubtedly offer you an advantage over others.
6. Understanding the operation of recruitment agencies
Doing a little research does no harm. Before you sign up with a hiring agency, try to understand how they work and equip yourself with all the required qualifications and skill sets. They will consider your Master’s course credentials and your preferences when recommending you for suitable employment after your Master’s in the UK. Each of these agencies charges a fee, and you can be assured that the quality of service offered is directly proportional to their cost structure.
7. Work Permit
There are several visas that one can apply for in order to work in the UK. But the 2 most important ones to keep in mind are, Graduate Visa and Skilled Worker Visa, if you are a student who is looking for a job in the UK after your masters.
Here are the details for each visa:
Graduate Visa
The graduate visa allows you to stay in the UK for a minimum of 2 years after completing a course in the UK. If you have a PHD or other doctoral degree than this period lasts for 3 years
Eligibility:
You are already in the UK
You have Student visa or tier 4 student visa as your current visa
You must have studied a UK bachelor’s degree, post graduate degree or any other eligible course for a minimum time period on your student visa( or tier 4 student visa)
Your university or college has informed the home office that you have completed your course.
With a graduate visa you can look for work, be self-employed, work in most jobs, do voluntary work. But you cannot extend your graduate visa.
Skilled Worker Visa
This visa allows you to come to the UK or stay in the UK for a job with an approved employer. The Tier 2( general) visa has been replaced by the Skilled Worker Visa.
Eligibility:
The job that you have been offered should be from a UK employer that has been approved by the Home Office
You should have a ‘certificate of sponsorship; from the employer, stating the position you have been offered in the UK
You should be paid a minimum salary- which can depend on the kind of work you do
Your job should be listed as an eligible occupation
You should be able to read, write, speak and understand English. To prove this you will be tested at the time of your visa application.
With that we come to an end of the points you should keep in mind while looking for a job in the UK after you have finished with your masters. Finding a job in the starting may take some time but don’t get overwhelmed, all good things take time. So take your time to find a job that you enjoy.
Sometimes, because of your job you might have to shift to a new location. Amber is a platform for reserving long-term student housing that makes it easy for students to identify and reserve full-time residences close to their colleges without the burden of negotiating, filling out complicated paperwork that isn’t standardised, and dealing with a dysfunctional payment system. Amber offers residences all over the world, including student studios in Coventry and student housing in Durham. Amber is your one-stop shop for locating convenient housing while you are pursuing your studies overseas.
Here is a list of the most Frequently Asked Questions by MS in USA applicants. If you have any questions that are not covered in these FAQs, please free to post them in the comments and I will try by best to answer them
Questions About One’s Profile
Q: How do universities evaluate applicants?
Universities consider the applicant’s
Academic profile (GPA/CGPA, undergraduate university and degree, scores in relevant subjects etc.)
GRE/GMAT scores
TOEFL/IELTS scores
Work experience
Research/publications
Internships
Extracurricular involvements and more.
While each university/program gives different levels of importance to different parameters (for some programs the GPA would be the most important factor, while some would prefer applicants with high GRE/GMAT scores and work experience), most universities consider the overall GPA/CGPA and the test scores (GRE/GMAT and TOEFL/IELTS) as the most important factors.
Q: I have a low GPA, but good GRE score, strong extracurricular, good internships, papers etc. Can I get into a top university?
While it depends on the program you apply to, but often research-based MS programs consider the GPA as the most important factor while evaluating an applicant. Thus, a low GPA, reduces your chances of admission at a top university.
Q: What can I do to strengthen my profile?
If you are still in college, ensure that you improve on your academic performance. A good GPA always helps. Additionally, try to achieve a high score on your GRE/GMAT. If your GRE/GMAT scores are low, but you believe that you have the potential to perform better in the test, then definitely put in the efforts and retake the GRE/GMAT.
Additionally, research papers/publications in reputed journals can help, especially when applying to research-oriented MS programs. Working on internships or gaining any relevant work experience can also to a certain extent strengthen your profile.
Q: Do final year grades matter more than initial year grades?
Yes. Most universities give more relevance to your grades during the last two years of college, than to your grades during the initial years. So yes, grades in your later years matter more than your grades during your initial year grades. Some universities also check your grades in ‘relevant’ subjects (subjects that are relevant to the master’s program you are applying to).
Q: How much importance do extracurricular activities have in the admissions process?
Contrary to popular belief, in a MS application, extracurricular involvements do add too much value to your profile.
Q: How much does industry work experience matter during graduate admissions?
It depends on the program you apply to. Programs offered by business schools (MS in MIS/IS, MBA, MA in Business Analytics etc) prefer students with relevant work experience. Traditional research-based MS programs do not give a lot of importance to industry work experience.
Q: I have several backlogs in my first and second year, does it affect my admission chances?
Yes, it does. Any weakness in your academic profile will affect your admission chances.
Q: I have a gap of one year after completion of bachelors. Will it affect my visa or admission?
Any weakness in your academic profile will affect your admission chances. If you have a gap, you should address the reasons for it in your SOP if possible. A gap will not affect your visa chances.
Q: Will publishing a research paper help me get into a better university?
It totally depends on the quality of your paper and the journal it gets accepted at. Again, mere publishing a paper will not help you get into a top university, if the rest of your profile is not competitive enough.
Questions About Applying
Q: What is the difference between applying for the Fall vs the Spring intake? What are the advantages and disadvantages of applying for the Spring intake?
Fall (August/September) marks the start of the academic year at all universities and hence all universities accept students in the Fall intake. Many universities also allow students to join in Spring (Jan), but not all universities do. So overall the options of universities for Spring admissions are fewer than those in Fall.
Another key difference, for an international student, between joining a university in Spring v/s Fall is that students who join in Spring are not allowed to pursue an off-campus internship during the summer term (from June to August). To pursue an off-campus internship during the summer, the college has to issue a CPT (Curricular Practical Training) certificate, and a CPT is issued only after completion of 2 full semesters of coursework (9 months of coursework – which includes a Fall and a Spring semester). Hence students who join in Spring (Jan), are all NOT eligible for a CPT during summer (June) of that year. They thus cannot pursue off-campus internships in the summer of that year.
Q: Is it easier to get admitted in Spring as less students apply?
This can be said to be true in some cases, but not in all. Since the number of applicants in Spring are comparatively lesser than Fall, admissions are slightly less competitive in Spring than in Fall. But one should also note that the intake during Spring is lower too than that in Fall. So, although the number of applicants is lesser, the number of students admitted is lower too.
Q: How many colleges should I apply to?
While this depends on your profile and your aspirations, applying to 6-8 universities is recommended.
Q: How do I decide which would be my ambitious, moderate or safe universities?
If you are applying to 8 universities, then consider a mix of 3-4 ambitious universities, 2-3 moderate ones, and 1-2 safe.
Q: What factors should I consider while finalizing my universities? I find most of the universities good enough.
University selection can be a daunting process. Ideally, these are the factors that you should consider while selecting the university
Reputation and Ranking
Program and course offerings
Cost (Program cost + Cost of Living)
Career opportunities post MS
On campus job opportunities
Faculty reviews
Location
While some of the information such as cost, program details, are available on the university’s website, other information can often be hard to find. Connecting with current/past students from the universities is a great way of getting this information.
For more inputs on University Selection refer these BLOGS
If you are very certain that you can commit to a PhD program (that would take about 4 to 5 years to complete), have a fair idea of the field you want to pursue your research in, and have a fairly strong profile, only then apply for a PhD program. If your profile is not strong enough to get into a PhD program or you are not very sure if PhD is a right fit for you, then apply for MS, build your profile during the MS, and convert/apply to a PhD student while pursuing your masters.
Q: Is it okay to mail professors regarding admissions or funding?
Yes, it is okay to email professors, but since professors often get bombarded with many such emails, they may not reply. Your chances of getting a reply are higher if your email is short and it talks about your past work/projects which aligns with the faculty’s research interest.
Your chances of receiving a reply are even higher once you have been admitted to the program.
Q: is it true that I should look for universities in good location rather than the well ranked for getting jobs easily?
To a certain extent, yes this is true. If you are applying to a top 30 university, the location doesn’t matter much. As you start going down the list, location plays a key role in your job search process. Having said this, it is not advisable to compromise a lot on the university’s ranking and reputation, just to be in a good location. But if you have to choose between universities that are comparable in rankings and costs, prefer the ones that are at a ‘better’ locations, rather than the higher ranked one.
Q: When is the right time to start working on my applications?
For Fall (Aug) applicants, the right time to start working on applications is around August/Sep of the prior year. Some top universities have deadlines around the 15 Nov -15 Dec time-frame. Thus, if possible, submit your applications by November. Many universities have deadlines around 15 Jan – 1 March, while few accept applications as late as April/May. So, based on your profile and the universities that you intend to target, plan your application timelines accordingly.
Some universities have Rolling Admissions, wherein the universities evaluate applications as and when they receive them, without waiting for the deadlines. In such cases, applying early improves your chances of admission.
Deadlines for the Spring (Jan) intake are around the July – Sep time-frame.
Q: What are the things I need to get ready before I begin my online applications?
Test Scores (GRE/GMAT and IELTS/TOEFL – which ever the program requires)
Q: Do I need to show universities any proof of funding/financial documents while applying?
Most universities, require proof of funds AFTER the admissions decision has been made i.e. after the department had offered you an admission offer. Very few universities however, require the proof of funds to be submitted while applying.
Q: What financial documents do I have to provide to the university?
All US universities require proof of funds which demonstrate that the applicant or the applicant’s sponsor(s) have funds to cover at least 1 year of the cost of education – which includes tuition & fees to be paid to the university for 1 year (generally 2 semesters) PLUS the estimated costs for living, books, and other expenses for a year.
To demonstrate proof of funds, students have to get a letter(s) from their or their sponsors’ banks which state that they have the required balance in their account or fixed deposits. Alternative an education loan sanction letter is also accepted by most universities.
Q: Do I need to get my school or junior college transcripts?
NO. US universities do not ask for details of your 10/12th grades. Universities only require details of your post-secondary education (which means education after 12th grade). If, however, you pursued a 3-year diploma program after your 10th or 12th grade, followed by a degree, you will be required to submit transcripts/marksheets of all years of your diploma as well.
Q: Are there universities in the US which accept by three-year Bachelor’s degree from India?
Yes, there are a few universities in the US that accept a 3-year bachelor’s degree from India. Some US universities will accept a 3-year degree only if it is awarded by an Indian university that has a NAAC rating of A or higher. Some US universities may require students with a 3-year degree to do a WES (or equivalent) transcript evaluation, and would consider the application based on the evaluation reports.
Q: What are rolling admissions?
Rolling Admissions is when a university evaluates applications as and when they receive them, without waiting for the application deadline.
Some universities, especially the ones that have early deadlines, start the review of applications only after the application deadline. If, a university however follows a rolling application process, then it would evaluate applications as and when they receive an application. Generally, universities that have rolling admissions, have late deadlines. For instance, for Fall admissions, most universities that have admission deadlines of 15 Jan or earlier may not follow a rolling admission process. Universities that have Fall admission deadlines of March or later, often follow a rolling admission process.
It is always beneficial to apply early to universities that follow a rolling admission process.
Q: Are admissions granted on first come first serve basis?
Admissions are not granted on a first come first serve basis. Admissions are offered on the basis of merit and after a thorough evaluation of the applicant’s profile. However, in case of universities that follow a rolling admission process, applying early can at times be advantageous. For instance, if a university has a 1 April deadline for its Fall admissions, and follows a rolling admission process, it is possible that by Feb they have rolled out enough admits that they may no longer want to offer more admits, or might accept only few select candidates. So, a student who applies in November or December might get accepted, whereas a student with a similar profile who applied in March may get rejected.
Q: Are my chances of admit better if I apply early?
Yes, especially at universities that follow a rolling admission process.
Getting into the best possible university
Q: Can I change my major/degree during my masters? Can I shift my major from say an electrical or mechanical degree to computer science?
YES you can (but it may not always be possible).
For instance, if you are admitted to the MS in Electrical Engineering program, but want to transfer to the MS in Computer Science (CS), after joining the university, you will have to apply internally to the MS in CS program. It is then up to the CS department to decide if you should be admitted as a MS in CS student or not. The CS department may ask you take some courses in Computer Science during the semester, might conduct additional tests/interviews, and on the basis of your performance eventually decide on whether you should be admitted or not.
Q: Can I take courses from other departments during the MS?
YES, most programs may allow you to take 6 to 9 credits (2-3 courses) from outside the department, which will be counted towards your MS degree requirement. For instance, if you are a student of MS in Electrical Engineering, and your MS degree is 30 credits, the Electrical Engineering department may allow to you take 6 credits as electives from other engineering departments and have them counted towards your MS. Out of department credits are often subject to approval by your department, and the policy varies from program to program. Most universities, however, will allow you to take courses from outside your department, but they may not count towards your MS requirements. So, these would be additional credits that you would have to take, which may not count towards your degree requirement but will definitely be reflected on your transcripts.
Q: If I get admitted in the spring semester, is there an option to defer to fall semester?
Decisions on deferment are made on a case-to-case basis. Some universities and programs may allow deferment while some may ask the applicant to reapply.
Q: Does getting into an Ivy League university make a difference?
At a master’s level, the Ivy League tag does not matter much when it comes to immediate career opportunities after graduation. These are the list of the 8 Ivy League Universities: Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, Yale University. Masters’ students from other top ranked universities get equally good, or at times even better, opportunities than those from Ivy League universities.
Q: What are some hacks to get into a top ranked university?
Here are some hacks to get into a top ranked university
Here are some hacks to get into a top ranked university
The Statement of Purpose, popularly known as the SOP, is an avenue for you to present a brief snapshot of your profile to the admission committee. It is an essay written by you to
Highlight your key achievements and accomplishments
Talk about your specific interests in the domain
Describe skills/knowledge that you have acquired by virtue of your past education, internships, and/or full-time work experience
Address any weaknesses or drawbacks in your profile if any
Discuss your specific interest in that particular course at the university
How to write a SOP?
The objective of the SOP is to discuss your future career and/or research goals, and highlight the important educational and work experiences that you believe have prepared you for graduate studies; and your reasons for applying to that particular university.
For a detailed write up on how to write a SOP, refer:
Q: Should I write a different SOP for each university?
If you are applying to similar programs at multiple universities, most of the contents of the SOP can be same, except the ‘why that particular program/university’ part, where you write about your specific interest in that particular program at the university.
If you are applying to different programs at different universities, say for instance a MS in CS program at a university and a MS in Engineering Management or Business Analytics at another university, then the framework and contents of the SOP would chance.
Q: I haven’t done anything outside my curriculum. Would my SOP and resume look bad?
No. Universities do not expect MS applicants to have worked on any out of curriculum projects, internships. If you have worked on some of these, its good, but even if you have not, it’s absolutely fine. Focus on your academic projects and learning in the SOP.
Question about Letters of Recommendation
Q: How does the process of providing recommendation letters work?
As part of the university’s online application, you will be asked to provide the names and email ids of your recommenders. Each recommender would then receive an automated email containing a link to a secure web-form (often with a unique login id and password). Your recommenders would have to login to the web-form to submit a recommendation letter. The link would provide the recommender the option to either upload a document or type the recommendation letter. It would also, in many cases, ask the recommender to rate you on a few parameters.
Q: Do recommendations have to be on official letterheads?
For online recommendations, if you are using the recommender’s official email id, the recommender can directly upload the recommendation as a word or pdf document in the links that the universities send them. The draft of the letter need not be on a letterhead. The recommender’s signature is not required either. It is recommended that you provide the recommenders’ official email ids only.
In case your college doesn’t provide official email ids to teachers, you can use the personal ids. Only, in that case, ask the recommenders to upload a scanned copy a letter – which is printed on the college letterhead, dated, and signed by the recommender.
In very few cases, universities provide students the option of uploading the letters directly (rather than asking for details of the recommender and sending links to the recommenders for uploading the recommendation). In that case the letters have to be on the college or company’s official letterhead with a signature of the recommender. The letters should also have a date on them.
Q: Can I send paper recommendations as my recommenders are not tech-savvy?
Most universities do not accept paper recommendations anymore. Recommendations have to be submitted online by the recommenders.
Q: What makes a strong recommendation letter?
A strong letter of recommendation highlights the applicant’s key strengths by providing suitable examples. While most recommendation letters talk about the applicant’s strengths, they fail to provide examples or instances to back them up. A strong recommendation would also provide examples of challenges or adversities faced by the application, and how the applicant overcame them. It could also talk of improvements that have occurred in the individual over a period of time.
Q: Whom should you take a recommendation from?
A recommendation should be taken from either a faculty or supervisor at work (manager, team leader). If getting a recommendation from a faculty, it is preferred that the faculty has taught you for at least for a semester. Similarly, if getting a recommendation from your work place, the person recommending you should have supervised you for at least 6 months.
Engineering and Science programs, prefer academic recommendations, while business Masters’ programs prefer a mix of both academic and professional recommendation. MBA programs prefer only professional recommendation letters.
IMP: Get recommendations from those whom you have good professional relationships with AND who will submit your online recommendations on time. If a recommender does not submit the recommendation before the application deadline, it is likely that your application may not be considered.
Q: My HOD/Principal didn’t teach me. Should I get a recommendation from him/her?
It is not recommended to get a recommendation from a faculty who has not taught you. So, getting a recommendation from your HOD or Principal who has not taught you, will not add any value to your application. If the HOD/Principal has not taught you but has directly supervised your academic assignments/projects, you can get a recommendation from them.
Q: My teacher who taught me most subjects doesn’t have a PhD. Should I get a recommendation from him/her?
Yes, you should. While a recommender holding a PhD does add value, getting a recommendation from a faculty who has had a prolonged interaction with you is equally important.
Q: What details should the recommender mention in the recommendation?
A recommendation letter should talk about those aspects of your profile that the recommender has had a chance to supervise. For instance, a professor can talk about your performance and behavior in class, your progression over the years (in case the professor has taught you or worked with you on projects for more than a year), and your contributions during the academic and non-academic projects and activities that the professor supervised. The recommendation letter can also address your overall qualities as a student, your temperament, and key strengths and areas of improvement. A recommender from your work place can talk about the assignments that you have worked on, your individual contributions and achievements, and your career progression. They may also talk about your skills as a team-member or leader.
You need to understand that the recommendation is NOT a validation of all your academic, extracurricular activities, or work details. So, the recommender need NOT mention about every activity/event that you have participated in college or at your work place. For instance, a professor, should not talk about an extracurricular or an internship that you did at a company, in which the professor was not involved in any capacity.
Q: Should I take recommendations from professors in whose courses I scored well?
Yes, it makes sense to do that. Getting a recommendation from a faculty in whose courses/subjects you scored well is always a good idea.
Q: Is it okay to NOT take a recommendation from my project guide?
Yes, it is absolutely okay to not get a recommendation from your project guide in case you are really not on great working terms with your guide, or you think he/she is too busy to submit the recommendation on time or for whatever other reasons.
Q: Can I get a recommendation letter from my internship guide where I interned for a month or two?
Ideally, it is recommended that the person recommending you should have supervised you for at least 6 months.
Questions about the GRE, TOEFL, IELTS exams
Q: What is a good GRE score to get into top universities?
While there are no set cutoffs, here are some guidelines that can help
University Rank
GRE scores that would your application strong
Top 20
325+ (with 165+ on Quant), 4+ on AWA
Rank 20-40
320+ (with 165+ on Quant), 3.5+ on AWA
Rank 40-60
310+ (with 160+ on Quant), 3+ on AWA
Rank 60-90
305+ (with 158+ on Quant), 3+ on AWA
Again, admissions are not based on GRE scores alone, but rather an assessment of your entire profile, with GPA being the most important factor.
Q: What is the minimum GRE score required for admission?
Where there are no minimum requirements, a score below 300 is considered to be a low score. Most universities, that require a GRE, prefer a minimum score of 290.
Q: My GRE score is good but my academic grades are bad. Can I still get admits from top universities?
While it depends on the program you apply to, but often research-based MS programs consider the GPA as the most important factor while evaluating an applicant. Thus, with a low GPA, getting admission to a top university becomes difficult, even if manage to get a high GRE score.
Business school programs, however, give more importance to GRE/GMAT scores and may consider you for admission even if you have a low GPA, but the rest of your profile is strong.
Q: My GRE score is bad but my academic grades are good. Can I still apply to top universities?
In some cases, yes. Some top universities do not give much importance to the GRE. For some it’s just a formality, and some have even made GRE optional. While a good GRE score along with a good GPA is required by most top universities, some top universities might overlook a slightly low GRE score, if the GPA and rest of the profile is strong.
Q: Are there any universities which don’t require GRE?
Yes, there are a few universities that don’t require the GRE for some of their programs. While the list keeps changing often, it is recommended to check on the program’s website before applying, for their latest admission requirements.
Q: How much time does it take to prepare for the GRE or GMAT?
While this may vary from student to student, it is recommended that you devote at least 3 months of preparations, with over 20 hours/week of preparation time.
Q: I gave GRE twice. Which score would the universities consider?
If you give the GRE multiple times, most universities will consider the highest of your scores. For instance, if you scored a 310 (Q+V) in your first attempt and 315 (Q+V) in your next attempt and decide to report both scores to the university, they would consider your 315 score.
You have the option of reporting all your scores to the university or reporting the individual attempt scores.
Some universities also consider sectional highest scores. For instance, if you scored a 160Q, 155V, 3.5 AWA in your first attempt and a 165Q, 150V, 4.0 AWA on your next attempt, the universities would consider your score as 165Q, 155V, 4.0 AWA, provided you report both your scores to the university.
Q: Do TOEFL or IELTS score matter much in admissions?
Most universities have a minimum requirement for TOEFL/IELTS, and as long as your scores meet the minimum score requirement, your application will be reviewed.
Q: I got 98 in TOEFL. One of the universities that I am considering applying to requires 100 on the TOEFL. Will the university consider my application if I apply with a 98?
If you TOEFL scores are lower than the universities requirement by even a single point, it is recommended that you write to the university asking about the same before you apply. Some universities are strict about their TOEFL/IELTS cutoffs and will not consider any applicant who does not meet those requirements. Some universities may offer a conditional admission if the TOEFL/IELTS scores are slightly below the cutoff, but the rest of the profile is strong enough. It is however, highly recommended that you check with the university before applying.
Q: Should I give IELTS or TOEFL?
Almost all US universities now accept either the TOEFL or the IELTS. So, either of the exams is fine.
Q: How much time does it take to prepare for TOEFL/IELTS?
On an average 2 to 3 weeks of preparations (with 15-20 hours of week) are sufficient enough for TOEFL/IELTS. These exams test your basic English skills. The key to scoring well on these exams is thoroughly familiarizing yourself with the exam pattern and questions.
Q: What is the minimum I should score on the TOEFL/IELTS?
Most universities have a minimum TOEFL score requirement of 79 or 80. Some programs/universities have a higher requirement of 91, while some have a score requirement of 100 or above with sectional cut offs too.
Most universities have a minimum IELTS score requirement of 6.5, preferably with a 6 in each section. Some programs/universities have a higher requirement of 7, while some have a score requirement of 7.5 or above with sectional cut offs too.
Questions about Funding and Financing
Q: How much will it cost to study MS in the US?
The tuition cost of most MS program ranges from about US $40,000 to US$ 55,000. There are a few universities where the tuition could be as high as US $75,000, while there few universities where the tuition would be less than US $40,000
Q: What is the average cost of living in the US?
While cost of living varies from city to city, most India students spend a total of around $600-1000 per month on food, rent, utilities etc. Living costs are higher (around $1200-1500) in cities like New York or around San Francisco, Los Angeles.
Q: Do I need to show funds to the university while applying?
Most universities do not require any proof of funds while applying; they would require proof of funds only after being admitted to the program.
Few universities, however, require proof of funds along with the initial application.
Q: How much funds do I need to show?
On admission, universities would require you to show funds for 9 months of tuition (2 semesters or 18 credits of tuition), plus estimated living costs for 9 months which include cost of room, boarding, books, insurance, etc (all as estimated by the university).
Only on showing proof of funds, which can be in the form of personal funds, funds from sponsor (parents), or sanctioned education loans, universities will issue you an I-20 which is required for applying for a visa.
Q: What types of funding/scholarships opportunities can I apply to?
There are few scholarships that are offered by universities, but they are competitive. In most cases there is no separate application for scholarship, and your overall application is evaluated for admissions as well as scholarship.
Additionally, master’s students can apply for Graduate Assistantship positions. These are mostly Research Assistantship (RA) or a Teaching Assistantship (TA) position. These positions require students to work for up to 20 hrs/week. In return, students get a stipend, and sometimes these positions come with a partial or full tuition waivers. In few cases, universities RA/TA positions to students along with the admission. In most cases, however, students can apply for these positions after being admitted and also after reaching the university.
Apart from scholarships and graduate assistantships, students can apply for on-campus student jobs as well. Students are allowed to work 20 hours per week and these jobs pay enough to cover one’s cost of living. They do not come with any tuition waivers.
Q: When is the best time to apply for funding/scholarships at the university?
The best time to start applying for funding is after you have been admitted to the university. You could check on your university’s website for any possible scholarships. You could also write to your graduate coordinator and/or your faculty advisor enquiring about RA/TA opportunities.
Q: Are there any scholarships we can apply for in India?
Yes, there are a few study-abroad scholarships that one can apply in India. The most popular ones are
Here are some of the scholarships that you may consider applying.
Narotam Sekhsaria Scholarship
J. N. Tata Endowment – loan scholarship
Inlaks Foundation Scholarship
https://www.inlaksfoundation.org/scholarships/
KC Mahindra Scholarship
Aga Khan Foundation
These scholarships are competitive and are generally awarded to those with high GPA and GRE/GMAT scores.
Q: Can I apply for FAFSA aid?
International students cannot apply for FAFSA aid.
Q: Where should I get a loan from?
There are various options for Education Loans that one can apply to. Broadly speaking these would be:
Collateral based loans – Generally offered by banks, where you are expected to keep some collateral (for e.g. property) as security with the banks
Non-Collateral Loans – Mostly offered by NBFCs, these loans are offered without any collateral security, but they often require a guarantor (preferably parents) with sound financial/credit history.
Non-Collateral loans are offered by some companies in USD while some offer them in INR.
Questions about internships, post MS OPT
Q: How long can I work in the USA after my MS?
All Masters students are eligible for 1 year of OPT (Optional Practical Training) after completion of their Masters. The OPT is authorization that allows a student to work in the US.
Students whose degrees fall under the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) category are eligible to apply for a 24 month OPT extension after completion of their 1 year OPT, provided that they have an ongoing job at the end of the 12th month. So effectively STEM Master’s degree holders get 3 years of OPT. OPT extension is not possible for non-STEM degree holders.
To continue working in the USA after the expiration of your OPT, your employer should file and obtain your H1B visa (work visa)
Q: What is CPT?
CPT stands for Curricular Practical Training. It’s an authorization given to you by the university to work as an intern at a company (off-campus) while studying, mostly during the summer break.
Q: What does Co-Op mean?
Co-Op is an option provided by few universities that allows you to extend your internship beyond the summer term. For instance, most students do an internship during the summer term (June-August) on a CPT. If the university allows a co-op, they would extend your CPT which would allow you to continue your internship beyond summer term. You could then continue working full time in Fall (Sep-Dec) and perhaps even the Spring term (Jan-May) too, and take part-time or evening or online classes during these terms to complete your Masters.
Q: How long can I work on a CPT? Will this reduce my OPT time?
There is no limit on the duration of the CPT. Most universities may however issue a CPT only for a single term, but if a university allows co-op, they may issue a CPT for a longer duration as well. If you, however, work full-time on CPT for 12 months or more, you will not be eligible to apply for OPT. Hence it is recommended that you keep your total CPT term to 11 months or less. If your CPT term is 11 months or less, you get the full 12 months OPT (plus the 24 months extension if you are a STEM graduate)
Q: How long do I have to find a job after graduation?
Once your OPT begins, you have up to 90 days to find a job. If you cannot find a job within 90 days of the start of your OPT, then you must make plans to leave the country.
And a few other questions
Q: I got rejected from XYZ university. Can I reapply to it with a better SOP/GRE score?
Few universities would accept your application for the same term again, as by the time the decision is out, it may be way past the application deadline. You can however, apply for a future intake with a revised SOP, updated profile, and improved GRE/TOEFL test scores.
Q: I already have a master’s degree. Can I still apply to a master’s program?
Yes. If your first Master’s degree is from India (or any country other than the USA), you can apply for a second masters in the USA. For example, if you have completed your MSc or a MTech from India, you are allowed to apply for a MS in the USA.
If, however, you already have a Master’s degree from a US university, and you wish to apply for another Master’s program in the same discipline as your first Master’s degree, then your application may not be considered. For instance, if you have completed your MS in CS from a US university, you may not be allowed to apply for a MS in CS program at another university. You can however apply to a different Masters (MS in Analytics, MBA etc) at the same or any other university.
Q: How do I convert my marks to GPA out of 4?
There is no standard procedure to convert Indian grading system (% or out of 10 GPA) to a GPA out of 4. Each university follows its own conversion standards. Some universities ask students to submit a report by an academic credential evaluator such as WES.
There are some free GPA convertors by WES or Scholaro that one can use to get a fair estimate of their GPA on a scale of 4.
The Statement of Purpose, popularly known as the SOP, is an avenue for applicants to present a brief snapshot of their profile to the admission committee. It is an opportunity to
Highlight one’s key achievements and accomplishments
Talk about one’s specific interests in the domain
Describe skills/knowledge that one has acquired by virtue of her/his past education, internships, and/or full-time work experience
Address any weaknesses or drawbacks in the profile if any
Discuss the applicant’s interest in that particular course at the university
In short, the objective of the SOP is to discuss your future career and/or research goals, and highlight the important educational and work experiences that you believe have prepared you for graduate studies; and your reasons for applying to that particular university.
Ideal length of the SOP: 700-800 words
NOTE: Some universities have word limits on the SOP. Many universities ask you to limit the SOP to 500 words or around 1 page. When a university gives a word limit for the SOP, up to 10% over the limit is fine. If a university has a 1-page limit for the SOP, please keep the SOP around 600 words (DO not increase margins, decrease fonts, and try to fit 1000+ words in a single page)
HOW TO STRUCTURE YOUR SOP
While most universities do not prescribe any predefined structure for the SOP, you may follow the following structure:
1: INTRODUCTION (about 100-150 words)
The first paragraph of your SOP can be a brief introduction. In the introduction you may discuss your career goals, future aspirations, and/or research interests. You may talk about how these interests developed, and what skills & knowledge do you intend to acquire during your Masters to achieve your goals.
NOTES:
NO Quotes Please – Avoid starting your SOP with random quotes or philosophical sayings (unless you can actually demonstrate how you have imbibed the philosophy in every aspect of your education/work)
NO Generic Statements – Most Students make the classic mistake of writing several generic statements in the SOP. For examples, most Computer Science applicants talk of the advancements in the field of Artificial Intelligence or Machine Learning over the past decade and the possibilities that it presents for the future. Environmental engineers write about the impact of the climate change and so on.
You need to understand that the SOP is not a magazine or newspaper article where you have a broad audience. The readers of your SOP are experts in the field. You don’t need to tell them about the wonders Artificial Intelligence or Machine Learning or Bioengineering can do. They know it, and far better than you do. Rather you should talk about what have been your experiences in the domain and what aspects of the domain would you like to further develop your knowledge in.
NO World Change please
Keep your career goals realistic. Don’t say that you want to pursue a Masters because your goal is to of save the world or bring about a global/national revolution by implementing advancement in a certain technology. Your career goals should be realistic. It could be as simple as detailing the kind of job/career opportunities you aspire for after completing your Masters. If possible, articulate your short term and long term career goals; short term being plans immediately after your Masters, and long term being about 5 years post Masters.
2. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND (2-3 paras of 100-150 words each)
Briefly describe the KEY projects and Internships that you worked on during your academic term. Do not focus a lot on the description of the project (try to summarize the overall concept in a sentence or two). Rather try to highlight some of these aspects of your projects:
What was the outcome of the project? Was it a success? What was the impact/success factor of the project? (If possible, quantify your impact)
What was your specific contribution to it (in case of a group project)?
What were the key challenges/hurdles you faced and how did you go about solving them?
Did you do something innovative in the project?
Did you adopt a novel approach?
Did you go beyond the scope of the project to improve its efficiency?
What was your learning by working on the project? What skills did you develop?
Be it a project or internship, try not just to write only about ‘What you did’, but rather try to highlight ‘How effective were you at doing it’.
NOTES
NO Subjects/Courses please – Do not list down courses/subjects that you have studied during your bachelors. Almost everybody who does a similar degree takes more or less the same courses, so no point in mentioning about them. Plus, your transcripts reflect the courses you have studied.
You can however, mention about a course you took, if you really went out of your way to take it, and do explain your rationale behind it.
Extracurricular involvements don’t matter in most cases – Extracurricular involvements, especially those that don’t directly relate to your field of study, don’t really matter. So don’t waste space writing about them. Your resume is a good place to mention them. If you however believe that your extracurricular activities are important and are relevant to the program that you are applying to, then you can write about them. But don’t just mention the activities. Also mention the skills and traits you developed by participating in them and how they would help you during your Master’s program.
Not every project, paper, activity etc needs a mention – Mention only relevant stuff in your SOP. Do not mention everything that you have done as a student.
3. WORK EXPERIENCE(1 -3 paras of 100-150 words each) – If applicable
If you have relevant work experience, then write a para or two about it. Again, do not mention a lot of what you do/did or get into details of your day-to-day activities at work. Also avoid using jargons and terms that someone outside of your company/industry may not understand. Instead, highlight on these aspects about your work
What was/has been your contribution at work?
What were the challenges/hurdles you faced and how did you overcome them?
Did you do something innovative at work?
How did your contribution add value to your organisation? Quantify it.
Did you adopt a novel approach at solving a problem?
Did you bring about any improvements in processes?
Did you go beyond the scope of your assigned work and if yes what was the impact?
What was your learning at work? What skills did you develop?
NOTES
If it’s not relevant, don’t talk about it- If your work experience is not relevant to the field you want to pursue your Masters in, then do not write a lot about it. A short para (or even 2-3 lines) describing your work experience and the skills that you developed, by virtue of your job, is good.
4. WHY MASTERS (and WHY NOW?) (1-2 paras of 100-150 words each)
Mention the reasons you wish to pursue the proposed Masters, what topics, courses would you like to study during your masters, what skills would you like to acquire, and how and why are they relevant to your future aspirations. If you are applying for a research-based program, you could also talk of the kind of research you wish to pursue during your Masters. For students who are applying after gaining some work experience, if possible, also highlight why you believe this this it the right time for you to pursue a Masters.
5: WHY THIS UNIVERSITY (1 paras of 100-150 words)
In this para write about your reasons for applying to that particular university. You could highlight some of the courses that interest you, some research labs/projects that you would like to be part of, some professors whose work you like, and so on. If you are applying for a professional/non-research programs, you could talk about the industry/capstone projects, internships, and other initiatives that the program offers.
PS: If you do not have a lot to write about ‘why this university’, you may club this para with the earlier para on WHY Masters.
OTHER POINTS TO CONSIDER
1: The SOP is NOT your life story
Remember that the SOP is not your life story. AVOID talking about your childhood, family background, or giving explanations on how and why you chose your undergraduate field of study. No one is interested in knowing it, and it doesn’t really matter. For instance, if you have completed your degree in Mechanical Engineering, it really doesn’t matter why you chose this field. What matters to the admissions committee is how good are you at it now, and what knowledge have you garnered over the years.
2: NOT every project, activity, work detail goes in the SOP
The SOP should ONLY focus ONLY on the relevant and important educational and work details that you believe have prepared you for graduate studies. Do not mention every project/experience that you have in the SOP. All those can be in your resume.
3: The SOP need not be in chronological order
The contents of the SOP may or may not be written in a chronological order. Based on your profile, you could write details in chronological order or you could mention events in your SOP in the order of importance – talking about your most important projects/assignments first and then going on to the lesser important but still relevant ones. The choice is yours.
“Which is the best country to pursue my higher education?” – Students often ask us this question and honestly there is no one answer that fits every student. Every country has its own advantages, and the decision on which country to opt for depends on several factors such as the student’s past academic profile, domain of interest, future goals, budgets and a few other factors. Here are some of the Pros of some of the countries/regions.
USA
USA has always been the number one destination among students for higher studies abroad. Its high quality of academic standards, flexible yet exhaustive curriculum, and multicultural environment that US universities offer, make it a preferred destination for many. Over the years USA has emerged as the number one destination for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) and MBA programs.
Advantages of studying in USA
High quality education
Wide range of courses and universities to choose from
Funding and scholarships offered by many Universities
Post Study Work Permit known as the OPT (Optional Practical Training) for 1 year which can be extended to 3 years for STEM degree holders
Ample job opportunities for STEM degree holders and high pay scales thereby providing good Return on Investment (ROI)
Students can work on campus while studying for 20 hours a week
UK
UK is a world leader in many areas of education including computing, engineering, science, business, law, art and design. The shorter duration of programs, high living standards, multicultural exposure, affordable and quality education, and student friendly post study working options, make UK a sought after choice among Indian students.
Advantages of studying in UK
Most universities in the UK accept 3 year Bachelors degree from India for their Masters programs.
Most Masters programs are 1 year in duration
Relatively low cost of education.
Students can work 20 hours a week while studying
UK post-study work visa allows international students to stay back and work in the UK for a period of 2 years after completing their education.
Easy to apply for work visa on completion of the post study work period.
Ample job opportunities in the IT, technology, business, design, and legal sectors.
Europe
When it comes to higher education, there are thousands of options in Europe. The most popular countries in Europe, that Indian students prefer are France, Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Italy, Finland, and a few others. Europe provides a culturally diverse learning experience like none other.
Advantages of studying in Europe
Most universities in the Europe, accept 3 year Bachelors degree from India for their Masters programs.
Wide range of options for Masters programs ranging from 1 year, 1.5 year, to 2 year duration
Relatively low cost of education.
Students can work 20-25 hours a week while studying
Countries in Europe offer post-study work visa that allows international students to stay back and work in the Europe for a period of 1.5 to 2 years after completing their education.
Easy to apply for work visa on completion of the post study work period.
Easy to relocate to any European country after completion of the degree
Ample job opportunities in the IT, technology, business, design, fashion, and hospitality sectors.
Australia
Australia offers high quality education that promotes innovation, creativity, and independent thinking. Indian students who study and live in Australia soon find that their education is intellectually stimulating, fun, and rewarding. Australia as such is a very student friendly nation and encourages foreign students to live and seek career opportunities in the country.
Advantages of studying in Australia
High quality education
Most universities in Australia accept 3 year Bachelors degree from India for their Masters programs.
Wide range of courses and universities to choose from
Foreign students in Australia are allowed to work up to 40 hours a fortnight during the university semester study periods and full-time during holiday periods
2 years post study work visa for after completing a Bachelors and Masters degrees, 3 years for Masters by Research and 4 years for PhD graduates
Additional 1 to 2 years of post study work visa for students graduating from regional campuses
Ample job opportunities in the IT, technology, business, retail, science and design sectors
Canada
Canada is a popular option among students seeking quality yet affordable education. Canada is one of the countries that offers a direct path to Permanent Residency (PR) and Citizenship, making it a very lucrative option to study in Canada. The standards of education in Canada are uniformly high. There are a variety of higher institutions in Canada, which include colleges, universities offering several options for students.
Advantages of studying in Canada
Canada offers Bachelors, Masters as well as Certificate, Diploma, Post Graduate diploma programs all of which come with the option to stay back and work in Canada.
Colleges accept 3 year Bachelors degree from India for their Post Graduate programs.
Low cost of education.
Students can work 20 hours a week while studying
Co-Op options available
Students can get up to 3 years of Post Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) allowing students to work up to 3 years in Canada after graduation.
Option to apply and obtain Permanent Residency (PR) during the Post Graduation Work Permit (PGWP)
Ample job opportunities in the IT, technology, business, design, animation, and hospitality sectors.
Ireland
Ireland, also popularly known as Europe’s most entrepreneurial nation, is a beautiful island country, with exceptional job opportunities especially in the technology and business sector. Ireland is home to some of world’s top technology companies. With world class universities, internationally recognized qualifications and extensive choice of courses, education in Ireland is value for money due to shorter and more intensive courses.
Advantages of studying in Ireland
Most Masters programs in Ireland are 1 year in duration
Low cost of education.
Students can work 20 hours a week while studying
Ireland post-study work visa allows international students to stay back and work in Ireland for a period of 2 years after completing their education.
Easy to apply and obtain Permanent Residency (PR) in Ireland.
Ample job opportunities in the IT, technology, business, science and design sectors.
NZ
New Zealand, thanks to its foreign student friendly policies, is emerging as an attractive destination for Indian students over the past few years. From high quality education to unbeatable lifestyle, this is a wonderful place to learn and live. A relatively small country, New Zealand has 8 universities, 16 Institutes of Technology & Polytechnics, and a number of private institutions, all known for world class education.
Advantages of studying in NZ
High quality education
Most universities in the NZ accept 3 year Bachelors degree from India for their Masters programs.
Wide range of courses to choose from
Foreign students in NZ are allowed to work up to 40 hours a fortnight during the university semester study periods and full-time during holiday periods
Masters students get a 3 year post-study open work visa that allows them to work and stay in NZ after completion of their degree.
Ample job opportunities in the IT, technology, banking, business, retail, science, animation, and agricultural sectors
Arjun had a high GRE score but a poor GPA. He had some good research background too. Most top schools he applied to rejected his application. One of the profs at CMU whom he contacted said that if he could improve his GPA, they could consider giving him an admit the following semester. So Arjun joined a low ranked university in the USA for his Mechanical engineering program. For a year he worked hard., managed to get a 4.0 GPA and that helped him transfer to CMU a year later. While CMU did give him credit for some courses he had taken at the other university, it still did take him a semester longer than his counterparts to complete his MS. But with a degree from CMU, it’s worth the time.
While everyone wants to get into a top university, always have your plan B ready. Apply to top universities, but also apply to a couple of programs where you have a high chance to get in. If your think “I would rather study at a top university or not study at all”, that at times is not the best decisions in life. It’s always best to pursue your higher education even if it’s not at your most preferred university. There are options of transferring to a better university after a semester or a year that can be explored.
When Nikhil decided to apply for his Masters, he knew his GPA was not that strong, although he had done some great projects during his bachelors. Fortunately, for him, his brother was an recent graduate at UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles), and that too from the same department Nikhil planned to apply to. His brother spoke to one of his professors at UCLA and explained Nikhil’s case. The professor agreed to speak to Nikhil over a video call, that although started off as a general conversation, ended up in an hour long interview which ended with a note from the professor saying “Nikhil, I strongly encourage you to apply to our program.” Nikhil put in his best application, and few months later was on a flight to LA.
Like Nikhil, there are several examples where informal referrals by a family member have helped students get admission. Tap into your network, be it friends or family. If you have a friend or family member who is studying or an alumni of the program you are applying to, ask them to refer you to the program.
Kunal graduated from a college in Mumbai with a average GPA and had an average GRE. Here is his story of how he managed to secure admits from Georgia Tech for the MS in Electrical Engineering program.
During his undergrad, Kunal worked extensively on research on ‘Antenna Designs’ . When it came to applying this is what he did:
Researched universities which had research groups relevant to his research interest
Made a list of professors with info about their ongoing research projects
Sent an email explaining his interest, background and how he could contribute to their ongoing research work. This helped him start a conversation with those professors.
He then requested those who replied for phone/video call. Some of the professors agreed to have a discussion with him where they spoke about their research and also tried to understand his background and research.
Mentioning all this in the SOP of the university and keeping the professors updated about his application status helped him secure some top admits.
He eventually went to Georgia Tech where he also managed to get a Research Assistantship with the same professor who had interviewed him
Kunal is not an isolated cases. Contacting faculties at your target universities works provided you have some research experience to discuss with them.
Anil graduated with a Electronics degree from India but wanted to pursue a MS in CS from the US. When he wrote to the CS department head of NCSU about his interests, he got a reply saying that they cannot consider his application as he did not have the prerequisite courses in CS that they expect every incoming student of the department to have taken during the undergrad. The department head however offered him a solution. Anil thus applied for the MS in EE program. After joining the university he discussed his profile and interests with the Computer Science department head. The HOD asked Anil to take two courses from the computer science department in the very first semester and if he scored an A in both of those, he would let him switch his degree to the MS in CS program. Anil did, and eventually graduated with a degree in Computer Science
You could try this too. There, however, is a risk that after joining the university you may not get the transfer to the desired choice of program the following semester. But after all, it’s all about taking a calculated risk.
Raj graduated with a Masters from the University of California at Berkley and started working with Microsoft as a Applied Machine Learning Engineer from June 2020. Studying at a top notch US university was a dream that Raj nourished since the time he started his computer engineering program at a local college in Pune. Raj says “When I joined my engineering college, I was a bit disappointed that I did not have a brand-name university for my undergrad. I was, however really determined at making it to Berkeley, Stanford or a CMU kind of university for my masters. I started preparing from my second year itself. I started participating in extracurricular activities which would add to my profile. I also started learning Data Mining via online courses. In my third year, I started doing small projects with professors based on my MOOC learning. These two years added a lot to my profile, as well as built a strong relation with faculty who could then write strong”
“When it came to applying, I realized that getting into the core Computer Science Masters program at most of these top schools is very competitive. While researching about these universities, I also realized that they offer several specialized programs that covered specific aspects of computing. For instance UC Berkeley offered the Master of Information Management and Systems (MIMS) program, CMU offered programs in AI,HCI, Machine Learning, Robotics, Software Engineering and a few others. So at these top schools, I applied to such specialized program rather than the generic CS program.
Amongst the admits that I received the top two best ones were the MIMS program at UC Berkeley and MS in CS from UCLA. I chose UC Berkeley because: (i) There were professors who were working in exactly my field of interest (ML + Security), (ii) When it comes to job opportunities, the name of the degree hardly matters; the coursework does, and the University name matters and (iii) Proximity to the bay area”
Takeaway:
1: Graduating from a top school even from a non core program gives you equally good opportunities when it comes to your job search.
2: The brand of the university stays with you for life.
Canada is emerging as a popular destination among students seeking quality yet affordable education. Lets us explore what makes Canada such an attractive destination.
Canada offers Bachelors,Masters as well as Certificate, Diploma, and Post Graduate diploma programs for students to choose from. After 12th grade a student can opt for a 2 year Diploma program or a 4 year Bachelor’s degree whereas a student who has completed his/her bachelors from India can opt to pursue a Post Graduate Diploma/Certificate or a Masters degree. Irrespective of the degree, diploma or certificate program a student opts for, international students become eligible for a Post Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) – which gives the student the option to stay back and work in Canada. Students can get up to 3 years of Post Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) (if the duration of their studies is 16 months or more) thus allowing students to work up to 3 years in Canada after graduation. What is more lucrative is that this 3 year period makes students eligible to apply for and obtain Permanent Residency (PR) in Canada.
The cost of education in Canada is low when compared to the USA, UK, or Australia. The yearly tuition in Canada in colleges could be as low as $12000-$15000 (Approx INR 6-8 Lakhs). Plus many colleges offer Co-Op options which allows students to take paid full time work for a period of 6-10 weeks as part of the program. Additionally students can work up to 20 hours a week while studying, which helps them cover up their living costs.
All this makes Canada a perfect destination, especially for those who are slightly low on budgets, have a 3 year bachelor’s degrees, and are looking at long term stay back options in a foreign country. Not to mention, the ample job opportunities in the IT, technology, business, design, animation, and hospitality sectors, makes Canada a perfect choice for students exploring careers in these domains.
Ambitious – where you have a low chance of getting in. These would be universities say only 20-25% students with profiles similar to yours have got in.
Moderate – Where almost 60-70% of the students with profiles similar to yours have got admits in the past
Safe – Where you are almost certain to get in (80-90%) chance.
While evaluating your profile at this stage, look at ONLY the key factors of your profile (GPA, GRE, TOEFL). Look at the broad indicators on GPA and GRE requirements of the universities and data of past students who got into these universities. Prepare a list of
10 Ambitious Universities
8 Moderate universities
5 Safe universities
Narrow it down:
Once this is done, the next step would be to narrow down the list. Applying costs you money and time, so ideally it is recommended that you apply to about 8 to 10. Here is how an ideal split should be
Ambitious: 4 to 5 universities
Moderate: 3 to 4 universities
Safe: 1-2 universities
While narrowing down this list consider all other factors such as:
Reputation & Rank of the university
Location
Faculty profiles, Curriculum, Research, Co-Op options offered by the program etc
Talk to past and current students from these universities to get a better sense of the program and environment
In case you are applying to a research program, write to faculty whose research interest matches with yours. Seek their feedback.
Consider the tuition and living cost at the university
Other factors that are important to you – Weather, Family/Friends already studying at the university
Note: If you decide to apply to more universities, apply to more in the ambitious category. It is always better to get an admit from 1 top university, rather than admits from many Safe universities.
Specialized programs:
Consider applying to specialized programs. Admissions to specialized programs (e.g. MS in Machine Learning) are easier than admissions to generic masters degrees (e.g. MS in Computer Science)
The X- Factor:
Personal recommendations at times do work. If you have a family member or a friend working as a faculty at the university, or your sibling graduated from that same program you are applying to, they could write a personal recommendation to the admissions committee (it could be an informal email) recommending you to the program. Even a current or past student can recommend you as a friend (a recommendation from a current or recent PhD student works better).
Campus Visits
This may seem a little farfetched, but if you are in the USA or planning to visit USA for some reason, it is definitely recommended that you visit the department of the university you intend to apply to (at least the ones on the top of the list). Do so by making a prior appointment with the department head or senior faculty at the department. During the visit, discuss you profile, your interest etc and after the visit when its time for applications, do keep them in the loop.
Resources to refer to :
US News Graduate School Rankings – gives department wise rankings and admissions stats
Here are factors you should consider while deciding on universities you can apply to
Reputation & Ranking of the university
Admission Statistics of past students
Location
Alignment with your career interest
Experience of past and current students
Cost Factor
Other factors
Reputation & Ranking of the university
Check the university rankings. Make sure you refer to authentic sites and preferably refer to departmental rankings rather than overall university rankings.
How to use rankings: While ranking is a good indicator of the university’s reputation, you need to understand that ranking depends on several factors and as a graduate (masters) applicant you may not be affected by all of them. So a university ranked 25 is not necessarily better than a university ranked 30. From a student’s perspective, they would be the same. But a university ranked 25 is definitely better than a university with rank 55. So use rankings as a guideline to get an idea of the reputation of the university.
Admission Statistics of past students
Statistical data is a fair indicator when it comes to predicting admission trends. So look at statistics of past students of a particular university. This will give you a good idea of what profiles of incoming students does the university prefer. Again remember that there aren’t any hard rules here. Just because somebody with a certain GRE score and GPA got it last year, doesn’t mean that you will definitely get because your profile is similar. You need to understand that admission is a subjective process and your overall profile (which includes your recommendation letters, your resume, your SOPs) counts. But if few students with profiles similar to yours have got admitted to the program, it only means that you stand a fair chance of admission.
Location of the University
Location matters.Yes there is definitely an advantage of studying in a big city, especially when it comes to jobs after graduation. A lot of small and medium companies in big cities prefer to hire locally from universities close by. So does this mean that a university ranked 100 is better than a university ranked 25, just because the 100th ranked university is located in a big city? Definitely NOT. But yes studying at big city university would bring you more career opportunities than a comparably ranked school in a smaller town.
Alignment with your career interest:
Curriculum: Look at the curriculum offered by the program. See if the subjects offered align with your interests.
Research: If you are interested in research, find out what research is going on in a particular university. If you find some professors research interesting, do not hesitate to email them expressing your interest in their research.
Co-Op: If the university offers co-op options, find out what companies typically recruit students for co-ops.
Faculty Profiles: Look at the profiles of faculty teaching the program of your interest. See how many of them are involved in active research in your areas of interest.
Experience of past and current students
Talk to current students of the university. But don’t ask vague questions, because if you ask vague questions you get vague answers. List down specific question to ask, on factors that matter to you. For instance you can ask
How many or what percentage of students get funding or on-campus jobs?
How many of them get those in the very first semester?
Do MS students get to participate in research?
Do companies come to campus for recruitment for internships and full time jobs?
If they don’t, how do students go about their job search?
Cost factor:
Take a look at the fees the university charges. Get an estimate of the living costs around the university. If you think you cannot afford it, there is no point in applying there even if you think you might get admission there. Apply only to those universities where you can afford to go.
Other Factors
Weather of the place where the university is located
Family presence near the university if any
Friends/classmates/seniors already studying at the university
Alumni network of the university
Student faculty ratio
Career services and job fairs happening on campus
Class size*
Diversity*
Extracurricular activities, sports facilities etc provided on campus.
Notes:
*Prefer universities with small class size. Smaller the class size, lesser the competition during on job searches, funding opportunities, faculty interaction, as well as full time job search.
*Prefer universities that offer a diverse class profile – which has the right mix of students coming from India as well as different parts of the world. This would not only enhance your learning experience, but also helps you expand your personal and professional network.
In this three part series let me walk you through a step by step process of how to go about selecting the right universities to apply to
PART 1: UNDERSTANDING YOUR PROFILE AND EXPECTATIONS.
Your profile and expectations can be broadly classified into:
Your Academic/Career profile
Your career aspirations
Expectations from a Master’s program
Your budgets
When it comes to your profile, here are factors that matter
Key Factors
GPA/Academic performance
Your undergrad university/college reputation
GRE Scores
TOEFL/IELTS Scores
Add-ons
Research projects and internships experience
Research publications in your name if any
Full time professional work experience
Your SOPs and application Essays
Recommendations
Interviews (for select programs)
GPA/Academic performance
This is by far the most important aspect of your profile. Universities give a lot of importance to your GPA. While a high GPA does not necessarily mean you would make it to a top university, but a low GPA will almost certainly get your application rejected. Here is a rough guideline of the general GPA requirement vs. the university rankings.
University Rank
GPA requirement
Top 20
9+
Rank 20-40
8.5+
Rank 40-60
8+
Rank 60-90
7+
Factors related to your GPA that matter
Consistency is important.
GPA in the Junior and Senior year (3rd and 4th year) matter more than the GPA in the earlier years
GPA in your core subjects matters; higher the better.
Backlogs/year drops matter – they negatively affect your chances of admission
Your undergrad university/college reputation
Like it or not, your undergraduate college reputation does play a role in your admission decision making process. Most top ranked universities do give preference to students from IITs, BITS, NITs etc. Being from a top ranked college in India definitely helps.
One way to assess how a particular university abroad would rate/rank your ‘college’, is to see how many of your seniors have successfully managed to secure admission in that particular university.
GRE Scores
Again a very important criteria in your admission process especially amongst most US universities. All 3 sections of your GRE score matters. For engineering/mathematics/quant based programs, the Quantitative section of the GRE is more important than the Verbal section. Here is a rough mapping between the GRE Scores and University rankings
University Rank
GPA requirement
Top 20
325+ (with 165+ on Quant), 4+ on AWA
Rank 20-40
320+ (with 165+ on Quant), 3.5+ on AWA
Rank 40-60
310+ (with 160+ on Quant), 3+ on AWA
Rank 60-90
305+ (with 158+ on Quant), 3+ on AWA
Notes about the GRE scores
Programs offered by business schools, prefer students to have a more balanced score rather than a higher quantitative score.
If you have multiple attempts at the GRE, universities consider the highest of the attempts. Some universities consider sectional highest too.
AWA scores matter. A high AWA score may not
Some universities do not give much importance to your GRE scores
Some university do NOT require the GRE for certain programs
TOEFL/IELTS Scores
TOEFL or IELTS scores are used by universities to assess students’ abilities to communicate in English. Although universities have minimum TOEFL/IELTS criteria set for admission, a high score always helps. Some universities use TOEFL/IELTS as just a qualifier (where they ensure that the applicant has met the minimum score required by the university), many consider the score while making admission decisions. A 100+ on the TOEFL (with a 25+ in each section) or a 7.5+ band on the IELTS (with a 7+ band in each section) is considered to be a high score.
TOEFL/IELTS minimum requirements of each university are mentioned on the university’s application page.
ADD-ONS
Research projects and internships: Having worked on research publications and internships does help, especially if the work that you have done is aligned with the program that you intend to apply to.
Research publications: While research publications do have an impact, the journal in which they are published matter more. Having several papers published in journals with low impact factors don’t help.
Full time professional work experience: Some programs, especially professional programs, or those offered by business schools, do give importance to your full time work experience. Many technical programs also do prefer applicants with work experience, but prefer those with research based experience.
SOPs & Essays & Resume: A lot can be said about the SOPs and Essays, but in a nutshell the SOP is an opportunity to tell the university ‘Your Story’. The SOP should focus on : What are your career and/or research goals and what are the important educational and work experiences that you believe have prepared you for graduate studies. Why have you chosen to apply to this university.
Note: The SOP is not your life story. The SOP is not a verbal description of your resume either
Recommendations: While most universities require recommendation letters , this is how university’s evaluate recommendation letters
Who is writing the recommendation
What is being written
Note: If your recommender knows or worked with a faculty of the university you are applying to, it makes a high impact.
Interviews
Some universities for some programs conduct interviews where they try to assess your career goals, your past background, and your reason for choosing to apply to that program. Interviews are not technical in nature.
As a career counselor, we often get asked this question a lot – both students and especially by parents: Is it really worth investing the time, efforts, and money in a foreign masters? Is studying abroad a good decision?
Many years ago, a bachelor’s degree was sufficient credential to start a good career and rise to an executive position in the industry. Today however the scenario is quite different. While a bachelor’s degree might be good enough to fetch you a job, it may not help you rise in your career beyond a certain point. A few years down the line you might find yourself in a situation what is typically know as ‘hitting the glass ceiling’ – you will feel that your career growth is being hampered due the lack of additional educational qualifications. Master’s education has sort of become a necessity for a good career growth.
While considering pursuing master’s level education, there are many options one can choose from. However broadly classifying, one can choose to opt for either a technical degree (a MS or Mtech program) or a management level degree (a MBA). If you are looking for an MBA degree abroad, it is highly recommended that you gain at least 3+ years of full time post bachelors work experience before you commence your MBA education abroad. MBA or equivalent degrees in India can pursued immediately after your bachelors.
If you interest however lies in the technical stream, one often wonders if he/she should pursue an MS abroad or rather prefer the Mtech degree offered in India. Take the case of one my students Radhika, a final-year engineering student, who opted to pursue her MS from the US immediately after completing her bachelors. Radhika was an average student during college, got an average score in her GRE exam, and went on to pursue her MS program at a university in Chicago, USA. On graduating from the program, she got a job offer from a leading telecommunication company in Chicago offering her a salary of about $75,000 per year.
Radhika never applied to any master’s program in India and she is no exception. Scores of Indian students prefer pursuing MS programs in the USA, rather than doing equivalent programs from India. The question one asks is ‘Why’? Why do most Indian students prefer to apply for the MS in US and not opt for the MTech/ME programs in India? How much sense does it make to apply abroad, especially considering the heavy costs involved? Is a US degree really better? What about the returns on investment and job placements?
Here is what Radhika had to say “I considered the option of doing an MTech from the IIT but found the GATE exam difficult to crack. Also, admissions in India are very competitive. The GRE was much simpler and I didn’t need to be an outstanding performer to secure admission to a US university. With so many options, securing admission abroad was a much more ‘doable’ task,”. When asked about the money she spent on education abroad, she says, “I spent nearly Rs 2 lakh only on my applications, visa fees and air tickets itself. The MS program cost me another nearly rupees 35 lakhs. Fortunately I got a student job after going there and it took care of my living expenses. Plus the internship that I did during the summer helped me cover a small portion of my second year fees. But the money spent on my education was worth it. I am glad I made the right choice. I actually got to learn a lot during my MS”
Radhika makes a valid point. “You don’t have to an outstanding performer to secure admission in a US university”. This is what makes the US degree popular. In addition, the quality of education and the resources available to students are far better than what gets offered at colleges in India. While no doubt there is competition in the US as well, and performance does matter. However even academically average students, manages to seek admission and decent career opportunities – provided they take their MS seriously, study sincere, and are willing to put in hard work.
Not all students who go to the US for higher education plan on settling there. One of my other student Gautam, after completing his MS in computer science from the US, made a conscious decision to return to India. Today, he works as a software engineer with a leading IT company in Bangalore. While Gautam definitely draws a slightly higher salary than his colleagues who just have a bachelor’s degree, but not anything better than his colleagues who did their MTech from India. He says “I don’t think the fact that my MS was from a US university helped me in any special way. I would have got an equally good job had I done my MTech in computer engineering from a reputed university in India.”
Recruiters and HR managers in India share the same opinion as Gautam. Most hiring managers in India do not give added preference to candidates having a foreign MS as compared to those holding an MTech from India. “We consider the candidate’s overall profile. A Master’s degree is always a plus. We treat a foreign MS on par with the Indian ME/ MTech,” says the HR manager of a leading IT firm in India. “Salaries that we offer fresh MTech/ MS graduates are definitely higher than what we offer fresh BTech/BE graduates. Experience counts more than mere additional educational qualifications, and we prefer people who have industry work experience in addition to a master’s degree”, he adds.
My continued discussion with many students and industry personnel over the years has helped put a lot of things in perspective. First, when looked at from a pure Return on Investment (ROI) perspective, the ROI of a foreign degree is much higher for students who prefer to pursue a career abroad. Second, there are many intangible and long terms benefits of foreign education – change in the individual’s outlook and a global exposure being the most prominent ones. Finally, and most importantly, you don’t have to be an outstanding performer to make a career in the US. A systematic approach and willingness to put in sincere efforts can go a long way in shaping your career.
Having said this, there are quite a few reasons why students opt for an MS degree in the US:
Want to pursue advanced studies in their field of interest
To change streams and explore alternate career options (this is actually a little difficult to do in India)
To seek an intellectually stimulating educational experience
To participate in research
To venture into the global job market
If your reason for pursuing an MS coincides with one or more of the above reasons, be assured that you are on the right track.
UK is a world leader in many areas of education including computing, engineering, science, business, law, art and design. The shorter duration of programs, high living standards, multicultural exposure, affordable and quality education, and student friendly post study working options, make UK a sought after choice among Indian students.
When it comes to higher education, there are thousands of options in Europe. The most popular countries in Europe, that Indian students prefer are France, Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Italy, Finland, and a few others. Europe provides a culturally diverse learning experience like none other.
Australia offers high quality education that promotes innovation, creativity, and independent thinking. Indian students who study and live in Australia soon find that their education is intellectually stimulating, fun, and rewarding. Australia as such is a very student friendly nation and encourages foreign students to live and seek career opportunities in the country.
Canada is a popular option among students seeking quality yet affordable education. Canada is one of the countries that offers a direct path to Permanent Residency (PR) and Citizenship, making it a very lucrative option to study in Canada. The standards of education in Canada are uniformly high. There are a variety of higher institutions in Canada, which include colleges, universities offering several options for students.
Ireland, also popularly known as Europe’s most entrepreneurial nation, is a beautiful island country, with exceptional job opportunities especially in the technology and business sector. Ireland is home to some of world’s top technology companies. With world class universities, internationally recognized qualifications and extensive choice of courses, education in Ireland is value for money due to shorter and more intensive courses.
New Zealand, thanks to its foreign student friendly policies, is emerging as an attractive destination for Indian students over the past few years. From high quality education to unbeatable lifestyle, this is a wonderful place to learn and live. A relatively small country, New Zealand has 8 universities, 16 Institutes of Technology & Polytechnics, and a number of private institutions, all known for world class education.
